However, traditional rigid dual-channel probe is used to collect the sEMG signal of PFM, which cannot characterize the complex PFM structure because it can only collect the sEMG signal of integral PFM rather than the detailed information of the muscles. The surface electromyogram (sEMG) is the main technology for evaluating the PFM activity status in clinic. Handheld devices are used for measuring the mechanical properties of PFM. For example, the vaginal pressure airbag is a common device for evaluating PFM force. There are also some convenient devices for real-time evaluation and diagnosis. At the same time, each test costs patient almost hundreds of money. These clinical systems are large and expensive, and require skilled personnel to operate, which cannot work efficiently under the limited condition of space and personnel resources, resulting in a long time test period. Magnetic resonance imaging technology can also be applied to detect the symmetry and coordination of PFM. Ultrasound is a well-used tool to check the disease status. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct detailed research on abnormal regions and functions of PFD-related muscles, so that intervention strategies can be established for treatment of specific PFD diseases.Īt present, specific functional information of PFM can be obtained using various detection systems. For example, the deficiency of urinary sphincter and weak urethra-supported strength may cause the stress urinary incontinence (SUI) anal sphincter injury are the most common cause of anal incontinence in women the avulsion of obstetrical levator ani muscle and larger levator hiatus are associated with pelvic organ prolapse. PFM has complex structures, and PFM-associated diseases often involve different functional defects of regional muscle groups. Damages in the female pelvic floor muscles (PFM) is one of the main causes of PFD. Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is a common disease with high incidence among women and has become one of the serious public health problems. In conclusion, MET provides a point-of-care diagnostic method for abnormal function of regional PFM, which has a potential for the targeted point-to-point electrical stimulation treatment and PFD pathology research. The results also showed that the dysfunction of PSUI patients is mainly located in iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, and urethral sphincter regions, and there is a weak correlation between these specific regions and nearby regions. Furthermore, the MET can diagnose malfunctions of regional PFM, which is inaccessible with existing technology. The results were consistent with the relevant clinical manifestations, and proved the reliability of MET for multifunctional PFM evaluation. Results showed that SUI patients responded slowly to the command and have symptoms of muscle strength degeneration. Clinical trial was conducted on 15 postpartum stress urinary incontinence (PSUI) patients and 15 matched asymptomatic women. These allow synchronous collection of high-quality multi-channel surface electromyography (MC-sEMG) signals, and then are used to diagnose regional PFM malfunctions and evaluate inter-regional correlation. The inflatable ASEA has specifically distributed 32 electrodes along the muscles, and is able to adapt to different human bodies for tight contact with the muscles. In this work, we developed a multifunctional evaluation technology (MET) based on a novel airbag-type stretchable electrode array probe (ASEA) for the diagnosis of malfunctions of regional PFM. However, there is a lack of reliable diagnostic devices to evaluate and diagnose regional PFM abnormality. Accurate diagnosis of regional pelvic floor muscle (PFM) malfunctions is vitally important for the prevention and treatment of PFD. The pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) has become a serious public health problem.
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